![]() Since Microsoft hasn’t stated any official support for Windows on M1 Macs, I guess VMware is going to do the same. Notice anything missing? Yes, that’s right, no mention of Windows anywhere. (Presumably there will be a trial version once the final release comes out.)Ĭreating a new VM via VMware Fusion is a reasonable process if you’ve got installation ISOs:Īnd if you specify a custom virtual machine, you’ll see some common options: So if you want to try out the tech preview version, there’s no risk to do so right now. The final release is expected soon, but with that final release comes something that the tech preview doesn’t have: a price tag. ![]() While that support didn’t come nearly as fast as Parallels, it is at least here - in tech preview at least. It’s probably not surprising that VMware Fusion would also add support for M1 Macs. I do find myself using Parallels Access so that I can remotely connect to my M1 Mac via a web page (from Windows or MacOS). One other interesting thing to note: A license for Parallels Desktop also includes Parallels Toolbox, a collection of tools (kind of like “power toys” if you’re familiar with the term on Windows) that can be fairly handy, as well as Parallels Access for remote control. My only complaint is that I would like to do PXE boot. What else is there to say? It does the job and does it reasonably well. It’s functional and pretty, and reflects the expected number of VMs that you’re likely to set up - single digits is going to be the norm, so something more visual is appropriate. Not sure what’s up with that, but at least you can attach ISOs and capture USB devices so that you can boot from media.Ĭontrolling existing VMs is done via the Control Center: Weirdly, even though I can configure the VM to specify that network (PXE) boot should be in the boot order, I can’t get that to show up in the Boot Manager menu. (I don’t expect to do any hard-code tasks in the VM, so as long as the VM is reasonably responsive I’m good.)Ĭonfiguration options in a VM are pretty much as expected:Īs I do a fair amount of work with bare metal imaging (yes, even on ARM64), I always want to see the firmware menus: How well does it work? I have no complaints - I can do everything I need in the Windows VM, and performance is quite reasonable. The Parallels Tools get updated any time Parallels Desktop gets updated, so I hadn’t started this VM since I last upgraded Parallels.) (Notice that my VM is labeled “Windows 10” - that was the current release when I first created the VM, and since it was an insider build, it has since upgraded to Windows 11. Once Windows 11 is installed, it will automatically install the Parallels Tools in the VM, to better integrate Windows 11 into your environment. And of course it can download and install various flavors of Linux as well. to meet the Windows hardware requirements. To run Windows 11, it does provide the expected virtual TPM 2.0 support, UEFI, Secure Boot, etc. It will even download the Windows 11 VHDX for you: Parallels goes out of its way to show Windows front-and-center, even though Microsoft barely supports this with a VHDX disk image of the latest ARM64 Windows 11 Insider Preview build. Next, you get a choice of OSes to install. As there can be a lot of confusion around what you can (ARM64) and can’t (Intel) emulate on an M1 Mac, Parallels needs to start with a screenful of information: ![]() You typically start off with a virtualization solution by creating a VM, so let’s start there. So what’s the difference? Let’s do a quick comparison. VMware then later released a tech preview for their own VMware Fusion software (free while in preview). Initially, the only option for running virtual machines on M1 Macs was Parallels Desktop, so that’s where I started. (You might think the first VM was a Windows VM, but that’s not the case, the first was a Fedora 34 Linux installation. Not surprisingly, the first thing I wanted to do on it was to run virtual machines. I have a Mac Mini with the original ARM-based M1 chip. Oh, and you can generate your own Windows 11 ARM64 ISOs now too, just like Parallels does. Also see this post that clarifies Microsoft’s licensing for Windows for ARM64. : Feel free to read through this post and then check out the new follow-up post that compares the latest versions of Parallels and VMware Fusion.
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![]() Then double click the file and the installation will proceed. Download the most recent one and save it somewhere on your computer that you can find again…your desktop is a good choice. Select it, then look at the operating system drop down, and select your operating system. ![]() Go to the page I have linked for you and look in the product drop down for the Graphire 4. OK, that being said, if in fact, the product is a Graphire 4, I surmised this from an internet search for your product and found it along with the name Graphire 4, then you can find your drivers on the Wacom site for legacy drivers. My first recommendation is to upgrade to one of the newer tablets sold by Wacom today I think you would be much happier with the product. ![]() I am unfamiliar with the Wacom CTE-440, but I think it is the same thing as the Graphire 4 tablet. Please be advised that this is my best guess. I’m not sure I can help you, but I will try. I know it is working well for you and many others, but I’ll still wait a bit.Īnd as always your ongoing creation of very useful brushes, and tremendously helpful and inspirational videos, is greatly appreciated. I am going to wait until the dust settles. I had been considering buying the new Intuos 5, but after reading some horror stories online in the Wacom site - example: As I am still using XP, and I suspect the new driver exists only to try to support newer Win7 and 8 OS’s needs, I am not going to update this perfectly working Bamboo driver ever again. Finally uninstalled, and then reinstalled the driver using the original CD. Needless to say that was frustrating as the canvas kept moving around merely through my hand resting on the tablet while drawing with the stylus. The Touch On and Touch Off settings using either the tablet’s button or the Bamboo Preferences utility still brought up a confirmatory text on screen, but in either setting touch was actually always on. I have been using the Bamboo Create for the past year and recently updated the driver. It will be those functions that I will want to add to the tablet. When painting I will see functions that I use all the time. I say begin because for me, the best way to set up a tablet is to have it open while I paint. In my next post we will begin to set up my tablet. OK, that’s it for installing and uninstalling Wacom tablet drivers. Use the Utility in each of these folders and click ‘Remove’ under ‘Tablet Software’ Open your Applications folder and locate any Bamboo or Pen Tablet folders you have Uninstall any listing here for Bamboo or Pen Tablet and then restart the computer Mac Bamboo Driver: Uninstall any listing here for Bamboo or Pen Tablet and then restart the computer Windows XP Bamboo Driver: Open your Start Menu and then the Control Panel Here are the suggestions: Windows 7/Vista Bamboo Driver: It is similar to suggestions for the Intuos and Cintiq lines. I have never owned a Bamboo, so I cannot tell you anything but what Wacom suggests. I imagine that a lot of people use the Bamboo with Painter 12. Most have 1024 levels of pressure, the same amount as the Intuos 3. The Bamboo tablets are more pressure sensitive these days. I haven’t mentioned a Bamboo tablet driver. That will restore your tablet settings and you will not have to do them all over again. Watch the video and after you have finished installing the new driver, return to Wacom Tablet Preference File Utility and select restore. Save your backup to your hard drive, but be sure to make a note or something so you will remember where it is.Ĥ. In the Wacom Tablet Preference File Utility select backup.ģ. Go to your Start Menu > All Programs > Wacom Tablet > Wacom Tablet Preference File UtilityĢ. Do the following before you do anything in the video.ġ. Update: I left something out of the following video that is very important. Click on the icon named Wacom Tablet Utility and then follow the suggestions in the video. The choices will appear in the window that opens as soon as you start to type. Click Command+Space Bar to bring up Spotlight.ģ. If you have trouble with the way I show in the video try this:ġ. Update: A friend, Miguel, suggested another way to open the Wacom Tablet Utility, which is different from the video. I think most of you know how to do this, but there are always newcomers to the blog who do not. The following videos walk you through those steps. After uninstalling, then you install the new driver. Wacom suggests that before you install a new driver you should uninstall the present driver. This post will have two videos, one for a Mac and one for a PC. But first, we need to talk about installing drivers. ![]() So I decided to do a series of videos about how I setup and use my tablet. A couple of weeks ago I got my new Wacom Intuos 5 tablet and I love it. ![]() Target expands online shopping to include grocery pickup and delivery Here’s what they’re offering, as well as how each service stacks up against the rest. And now, Target is joining the ranks of retailers like Amazon and Walmart with new online options for grocery pickup and delivery. ![]() Many stores have taken their grocery operations online during the pandemic in order to make it easier for customers to shop from home. Tap or click here to see the safest ways to shop for groceries online and in-person. Everybody needs food, and as long as there are ways for people to get it that minimize social interactions, you can bet on money being made. The fact that these businesses are enduring the economic fallout of the pandemic makes sense if you think about it. In fact, businesses with delivery and pickup options are absolutely thriving as people continue to stay indoors and socially distance themselves. Once customers tried the services, the repeat-rate for same-day delivery was around 80%.Not every business has collapsed under the pressure of the COVID-19 pandemic. During testing, Target saw average order values in markets where Shipt was available on increase between 10 and 15%. Investments in digital capabilities also drive repeat purchases and bigger market share. ![]() ![]() At the same time, Target has shifted its approach to store employees from generalists to specialists - people with category expertise in areas like apparel, beauty and electronics who can better assist customers. It’s also changed the way Target staffs its stores: The company has hired more operational and fulfillment-related employees, and equipped them with tools that help to locate items for online orders as fast as possible, reaching a rate of around 95% for store pick-up orders that are ready to be picked up within an hour. Target is in the middle of remodeling 1,000 store locations, and with those updates, it’s building better order pick up experiences to make it easier for guests to navigate. In-store order pickup saw a sales growth in the same period of 83%. Since the first quarter of 2018, it added drive-up capability to 1,000 stores, and it’s now available in 1,400. Target has continued to improve on the ways stores play a role in online orders. “All these things point to: Where Amazon had a leg up in frictionless commerce, Target has caught up using the strength in real estate and stores to make it easier for customers no matter what way they want to shop.” A lot of it has to do with how well do they know the customer, what does the customer want out of a digital experience, and how can they get the product to customers in the best way,” said Omar Akilah, vp of product management at supply chain service Yantriks, who formerly was the director of product management at Target. “What’s interesting here is the speed at which Target has succeeded in this space, juxtaposed to how department stores have fared. As a result of these investments, Target’s digital business is on the rise: It grew 42% last quarter, and Cornell attributed half of that growth to order pickup, drive Up and Shipt fulfillment. According to the company, it costs 90% less for Target to fulfill online orders by store pick-up and drive-up compared to fulfilling them from a warehouse, and 45% less to ship orders from stores. As CEO Brian Cornell told investors during the company’s first-quarter results for 2019, it’s an operation that’s profitable for Target. Through a combination of ship-from-store, same day delivery powered by Shipt and in-store order pick-up and drive-up options, Target stores now fulfill 80% of online orders. Store fulfillment for online orders is something Target has been investing in heavily. Target’s website will now offer a filter for items that are available in a customer’s area for same-day delivery right now, about 65,000 items can be delivered the day they’re ordered, largely in categories like grocery, baby, and home essentials. When checking out, non-Shipt members can either sign up for a Shipt membership on the spot, or pay a one-time delivery fee of $9.99. ![]() This setting doesn’t ruin the picture and will only save you a little time. ![]() Styles are great for saving any processing effects you have created that you wish to quickly and easily apply in the future.įor example, for family and simple travel photos I always apply a standard style: To create a new style, simply click Save User Style and then choose the processing settings that need to remain in a style. The Styles menu is located on the Adjustments Clipboard tab. If you wish, you can also save this setting as a style. Since the Lens Correction tool cannot be saved as default, the easiest way to get the appropriate value for this tool is to use presets.Īll you need to do is create a preset that contains the correct custom value for the distortion setting and apply this preset when you import photos in Capture One. Many lenses will immediately exhibit 100%, although it not always works effectively with the image. Let’s take a look at the typical use of a store settings preset to correct distortion. For example, for the Curve tool we have a few interesting default settings. Here you can save your own presets or select an existing one.īy the way, Capture One offers a lot of developer presets for each tool. Preset settings are located in the upper right corner of each tool in Capture One. You can apply several different styles and presets at the same time to the same image. In practice, styles are more commonly used than presets because they are able to achieve a desired effect quicker however, in some cases it is better to work with a specific tool’s presets. Presets are very useful when you want to save the settings you have applied to one tool (for example white balance), while styles allow you to store the effect you have created by combining several processing tools together. We’re going back and expanding our earlier releases with free Advanced updates adding new profile-based looks – next up will be the Pro 400 pack (we’re currently shooting test rolls), followed by Portra 400.Let’s start by discussing the difference between a style and a preset.Ī preset stores the settings related to just one tool, while a style saves all the settings that have been applied to a photograph. This method is powerful but less flexible, so we also create ‘classic’ adjustment-based styles too, giving you the best of both worlds. Our latest Advanced series styles use custom ICC colour profiles based on our test scans shooting the real film, to get the most accurate colours possible. However, we don’t go barging in messing up all your settings – our styles avoid adjusting the main sliders as much as possible. Our current lineup goes deep, leveraging Capture One’s most advanced features to simulate the look of scanned film realistically. Lightroom has some advantages for developers, for sure, with its robust Creative Presets system, but Capture One dominates when it comes to deep control, image quality and realistic film grain. We started with Capture One and it continues to be our raw editor of choice for professional photography work. Expensive packages that released without even supporting basic layer compatibility. The result? Inconsistent, messy styles, which pulling kinds of crazy slider tricks making it hard to adjust further. But in the last year or two, a lot of preset companies have realised it’s an expanding market and rushed to get their products ported over to it. ![]() Capture One users have never had the same rich third-party ecosystem as Lightroom, sadly. ![]() The exact process will depend on the type of vehicle you drive, but there’s usually some combination of pressing the trip-mileage reset button and turning the vehicle on and off. If you’re absolutely certain that you’ve inflated your tires to the proper level and that there is no physical damage to the tire itself, most vehicles offer the ability to reset the light from within the cabin.We hope you trust your tire shop at least a little bit, but even if you trust them with your life, you should be asking about how the TPMS sensors were replaced or transferred during a tire replacement visit.Put the car up on jack stands and take the wheels off. If it’s time for a brake job, get it done and see if it turns the light off. You might also need to reset any codes that were set to turn the light off. If the brake warning light remains on after topping off the brake fluid. Check the level of the brake fluid reservoir and add more if necessary. The most common cause of this is low brake fluid levels. ![]() As you drive along, the camera is constantly watching for lines on the road. If your Fiat 500’s brake warning light is on, it means there is a problem with the vehicle’s braking system. ![]() It can also cause you to have a blowout or poor ride quality if you’ve overinflated the tire. Simply unplug the defective sensor and put the new one in. Honda Dashboard Lights: Vehicle Malfunction Indicators Circle with i: When you see this icon, a malfunction or condition indicator is activated. What the lane departure warning light means. It’s awfully tempting to just add some air to get the light to go off, especially if you don’t have a pressure gauge, but there’s no way you can know that you’ve inflated the tire to the proper levels. Is it blinking or is it solid? Did it come on while you were driving, or was there a major shift in air temperature recently? It’s important to understand what you’re looking at. ![]() There’s power in forging a sense of purpose, says Dr. Ikigai is a Japanese word meaning “your reason for being” it’s used a lot in Okinawa, where dementia rates are low. 9) For lasting brain health, maintain ikigai This helps you isolate the problem from your emotions and solve it logically, he says. (Both admit that meditation is hard.) With your eyes closed, think about a problem you are trying to solve and separate it from everything else by placing it in a large, clear bubble. Gupta practices analytical meditation, a technique he learned from the Dalai Lama himself. I discover-which really engages all parts of the brain-and I kind of find my purpose in there as well by spending time with people, understanding their lives and letting them in on mine.” Research shows that individuals with large social networks are better protected against the cognitive declines related to Alzheimer’s than those with smaller networks.ĭr. Now he prioritizes them: His house is like Grand Central for his friends, his wife’s friends, plus his three daughters’ friends and their parents. “I saw social activities and things like that as very much an indulgence for most of my life,” Dr. Gupta carries a 60-ounce water bottle with him and aims to finish it each day. “Even moderate amounts of dehydration can sap your energy and your brain rhythm.” After all, your brain is primarily made of water, and just 2 percent dehydration has a measurable impact on memory, processing speed, and analytical thinking. “We often mistake thirst for hunger,” says Dr. 15 Fish That Are Stuffed to the Gills With Protein.Doctors call this the “entourage effect,” and it’s why real food, like fish, is better than supplements, like fish-oil capsules, for brain health. Real food contains a multitude of components that help beneficial ingredients (such as omega-3 fatty acids) travel through your body or even help unlock receptors so those beneficial ingredients can do their jobs. Salt (use lemon juice, spices, or vinegar instead)ĥ) Eat real foods, not individual nutrients or supplementsĭr.Whole-fat dairy high in saturated fat, such as cheese and butter.Red-meat products, such as bacon, salami, hot dogs.Low-sugar, low-fat dairy, such as plain yogurt and cottage cheese.Healthy fats, such as extra-virgin olive oil, avocados, whole eggsī-list foods: Include these foods in your life.Fish and other seafood (but not fried!).Fresh vegetables, especially leafy greens.Here’s what’s on the A-list, and the B- and C-lists, too: He advises using the Global Council on Brain Health’s framework to prioritize what to eat. Think of inactivity as the disease rather than working out as the cure, he says.ĭon’t miss out on exclusive content. I don’t have a chair in my office.” If you can stand or walk during meetings, phone calls, and other activities, do it. “That may go further in terms of the benefit of movement on your brain than even going to the gym. “Every time I’m about to sit, I ask myself: Do I need to sit right now?” Dr. Here's how to make it happen: 1) Think of inactivity as a disease Here he shares his favorite tips and strategies-basically, what to do with your body, your meals, and your mental energy-for keeping your brain sharp. ![]() It’s an evidence-based exploration of the latest science on brain health and what tactics are working for Dr. In his spare time, he does triathlons (of course) and meditates (duh!), and he’s working on his fourth book, Keep Sharp: Build a Better Brain at Any Age, due out early next year. The 50-year-old is best known for his CNN gig, but he’s also a practicing neurosurgeon at the Emory University School of Medicine, removing tumors and clipping aneurysms inside that black box, often while listening to the Gipsy Kings. ![]() We thought of the heart that way, and some other organs, but the brain was always this black box.” “That may not sound that significant, except that we really never thought of the brain that way until recently. “We’re seeing evidence that lifestyle changes can significantly improve brain health and even reverse brain disease,” he says. When I finally get on the phone with Sanjay Gupta, M.D., in March, after he has rescheduled three times because he’s prepping for CNN’s first COVID-19 town hall, he’s relieved to be talking about something positive: brain science. How to Create an Excel Timeline Using Pivot Tables (And Why)Īnother way to create timelines in Excel is by using pivot tables. Now, if you don’t want to bother creating your own Excel timeline charts from scratch (I can’t blame you there) an alternative is to make your timelines using Excel templates. Hats off to you! You made it! Your Excel timeline using a scatter chart is ready.
![]() Oh, and another thing, the ride had to be educational, too. When SeaWorld’s creative team set out to design a new roller coaster for the San Diego park, it knew it had to impress thrill-seeking teens - but not so much that it would alienate squeamish parents or terrify younger children. Guest capacity: 1,360 passengers per hourīat ray aquarium: Will hold about 60 rays, plus more than 400 fishes Seats/train: 20 seats per train/four trains Track length: 2,835 feet (about a half-mile) Update: Another review, quoting yours truly.Maximum speed: 43 mph (reached in 2 seconds) Manta opens to the public this Saturday, May 26. (SeaWorld has had a Journey to Atlantis water coaster, but Manta will be the park's first "proper" roller coaster.) Manta helps round out the San Diego park's ride line-up, and gives it a delightful coaster that's both accessible (no inversions!) and thrilling. With Manta coming online at SeaWorld San Diego, now Walt Disney World's Epcot stands alone as the only of the nation's top 20 most-attended theme parks not to offer a roller coaster. On the day I visited, workers were still planting much of the ride's landscaping, so in the video you'll see people in construction vests instead of the foliage that eventually will cover much of the ground around the ride. Park president John Reilly joined me for my first trip on the coaster, and he explained several of its elements along the way. And remember, on this ride, you're the Manta.) (But no Manta rays - at up to 20 feet wide, they're too big for this pool. I didn't get a chance to walk the attraction's new queue, which was not completed, but it promised some amazing views of its own, as it will take visitors around and underneath the ride's adjacent ray pool, which houses California bat rays and diamond stingrays. You'll "dive underwater" for a video view into the realm of the Manta ray, before blasting from the tunnel for your ride toward the shore of Mission Bay. ![]() And ride in the back, as well, for the best view of Manta's unique feature - a wrap-around high-definition video tunnel that starts the ride. Ride in the back for the most airtime, and the smoothest ride. Essentially, instead of leaning deep into turns, the track banking every so slightly leans you away from them, pulling you from your seat instead of pushing you into it. Part of the trick of making airtime on a terrain coaster is to use shifts in banking to achieve the zero and negative G-forces that lift you from your seat. I felt I spent more time pulling out of my seat than sitting in it, as Manta used its minimal vertical changes to maximum effect. If you want to air out your spine with a refreshing stretch, try Manta. I haven't ridden Cheetah Hunt, and was surprised to discover that a terrain coaster could deliver so much airtime. Cheetah Hunt is an Intamin production, but it also spends much of its time rolling from side to side as it skims the ground, powered by multiple launches that push it through its twists and turns. But if you're looking for an east-coast, SeaWorld-family roller coaster to compare with this Manta, I think Busch Gardens Tampa's Cheetah Hunt provides a better match. Frequent Theme Park Insider readers and SeaWorld fans no doubt are familiar with SeaWorld Orlando's Manta, a Bolliger & Mabillard Flying coaster that won our Theme Park Insider Award for World's Best New Attraction in 2009. ![]() Very handy when someone is complaining that their internet is slow or not working - their web browser is slow, freezes or just crashes. ![]() This enables you to take MyPal with you and run it on a different computer without having to install anything. It can run from a USB flash drive and all bookmarks/extensions are saved locally. My preference for MyPal is the portability option. NewMoon/MyPal use the same core so the are more or less identical - I've tested them side-by-side. In the meantime I would like to hear anyone else's experiences with other browsers still being maintained for XP, specifically I am interested in an updated Chromium based browser for XP - Advanced Chrome Custom is based on Chromium 54 and that still had rendering issues on certain sites. ![]() My next test is Skype's web client - will post follow-up when I get a chance to test. At least modern websites are still accessible (I also went on Discord's test server, worked fine). Please note I am not in denial about XP's end of life, I could easily install a Linux distro on this old laptop but for now I'll keep XP for the sake of nostalgia. The other browsers I tested worked fine with most websites but as you can see had some quirks with CSS rendering on certain sites. NewMoon/MyPal and Serpent/Basilisk are still the champs on Windows XP. Here's the site on NewMoon/MyPal, Serpent/Basilisk AND any current version of Chrome/Firefox on newer Windows: Another site I visit regularly,, doesn't render properly on any of these browsers For example, ESPN.COM wouldn't show the high scores banners on those web browsers. I put them though their paces and ran into a few glitches (QTWeb/Otter are crash-prone). There are other browsers rumored to be working on XP (Yandex) but their websites are scant on system requirements and wanted me to "Agree to participate in improving Yandex services by sending browser usage statistics to the developers". The only ones besides the 3 above that are still maintained at the time of this writing are K-Meleon, QT-Web and derivitaves (Otter) and Advanced Chrome. I have been testing other browsers for modern website compatibility on XP. The only plugin I keep is Silverlight since that's the only way to watch Netflix on XP. I think dependency on Adobe Flash for anything web is at an end. Hopefully MyPal will continue to be updated periodically for compatibility. The trick is you have to enable practically every filter in filter lists and update.Īnother thing I like about MyPal is the portable option when installing - take your browser with you along with all your bookmarks, extensions, etc on a flash drive. I have heard rumors that MyPal has adblock built-in but I couldn't find anything in options to indicate this so I added UBlock which I have been using for years on Chrome and Firefox. Yes I am using Moonscape theme for that good old-fashioned Netscape Navigator feel. (I hope none of you are still on dial-up) I have tested with Youtube, Facebook, Instagram, Vimeo, CNN, ESPN, BBC Iplayer, Putlocker, etc. means it will play practically any online video WITHOUT flash. Although it only scores 423 out of 555 on I have found it to work perfectly with practically any modern website I've accessed it with. The 3 mozilla-based I have found to be most compatible are Newmoon, MyPal and Basilisk. Since the major browsers have abandoned XP I've been test driving some of the Mozilla forks for modern website compatibility. Max memory is 512MB so forget about Vista, 7, etc. Well I have an old Compaq laptop from 2004. ![]() ![]() Glassy boron oxide is thought to be composed of boroxol rings, which are six-membered rings of alternating 3-coordinate boron and 2-coordinate oxygen. Larger borates are composed of trigonal planar BO 3 or tetrahedral BO 4 structural units, joined together via shared oxygen atoms, and may be cyclic or linear in structure.īoron trioxide is one of the oxides of boron it is a white, glassy solid with the formula B 2O 3. The simplest borate anion, BO 3 3-, has a trigonal planar structure and is analogous to the carbonate anion CO 3 2-, which is isoelectronic. It is acidic because it reacts with OH − from water, forming − and releases the corresponding proton left by the water autoprotolysis.ī(OH) 3 + 2 H 2O ⇌ − + + (p K a = 8.98)Īll borates are considered derivatives of boric acid B(OH) 3. In water, it behaves as a Lewis acid, accepting the electron pair of a hydroxyl ion produced by the water autoprotolysis. Boric acid is a weak proton donor – it can accept an electron pair. ![]() ![]() When a trigonal boron atom accepts a pair of electrons from a Lewis base, it adopts a tetrahedral configuration, and the octet rule is satisfied.ī- Boric Acid is an inorganic acid. The incomplete octet means that Borates act as Lewis acids. – The ultra-hard crystal Boron Carbide Boric Acid ->Boratesīorates are the form in which boron most often occurs in nature, mainly as borate minerals and borosilicates. – Borate Salts, including the mineral Borax and Sodium Metaborate – Boric acid – all Borates are derived from Boric Acid Boron Compounds – Boric Acid and Boratesīoron is the lightest element of the boron group (above), with three valence electrons that form covalent bonds to produce several compounds, including: The most common isotopes are B-10 (natural abundance 19.9 percent) and B-11 (natural abundance 80.1 percent). The number of isotopes – atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons – is 6. Natural boron is composed of two stable isotopes, one of which ( boron-10) has several uses as a neutron-capturing agent. – Crystalline boron is silvery to black, extremely hard (about 9.5 on the Mohs scale), and a poor electrical conductor at room temperature. Several allotropes exist, including α-rhombohedral B, β-rhombohedral B, γ-B, tetragonal boron Its boiling point is 7,232 degrees F (4,000 degrees centigrade). The melting point of Boron is 3,767 degrees Fahrenheit (2,075 degrees Celsius). The Atomic weight (average mass of the atom) is 10.81 with a density of 2.37 grams per cubic centimeter. Classified as a metalloid, boron is a solid at room temperature. Boronīoron is a chemical element with symbol B and atomic number – number of protons in the nucleus – 5. The elements in the boron group all have three valence electrons (or triels). The Boron Groupīelonging to the Boron Group are the chemical elements in group 13 of the periodic table: boron, aluminum, gallium, indium, thallium, and some include nihonium. Industrially, the very pure element is produced with difficulty because of contamination by carbon or other elements that are reputed to resist removal. Boron is a metalloid found in small amounts in meteoroids, but chemically uncombined boron is not otherwise found naturally on Earth. Elemental BoronĮlemental Boron is a low-abundance element in the Solar System and in the Earth’s crust (about 0.001 percent by weight of Earth’s crust). Still, rasorite is the most important source of boron, found in extensive deposits in California, USA, in and around the Mojave Desert. Extensive borax deposits are found in Turkey, which has the largest borax deposits. A Martian meteorite that landed in Antarctica contained significant traces of boron.īoron is an orthoboric acid in some but not all volcanic spring waters and borates in the minerals borax and colemanite. Boron has also landed on our planet from Mars. A June 2014 study found that boron is present in rocks that date back to 3.8 billion years ago. The element stabilizes ribose, part of RNA, the self-assembling molecule that may have preceded DNA. Boron may have been the key to the evolution of life on Earth. |
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